儒家伦理的空壳化问题

Problem of Effectivity of Confucian Ethic

"伦理"的本意就是指人伦之理,是一套由自发而自觉的整体性应然诉求伦理观念的高蹈固然易与实践脱节,但未必不能影响于现世,知而不行,或知而不信,才会导致空壳化,知而难行,或在实践中打了折扣,并不能等同于空壳化。在生活或叙事语境中,三纲五常,天理人情成了利益算计的说词,才是标准的空壳化。清代哲学家戴震主张顺应人欲之自然而生发出理义之必然,在我看来,这是一种具有现代性色彩的儒家伦理思想,它突出了道德的自主性、人格的自主性和人性在情欲遂达上的合理性,与当今的普世价值有更大的兼容性,也有帮助于化解儒家伦理的空壳化问题。

In the wake of deconstruction and various forms of criticism focusing on difference, the ethical question has been freshly negotiated by literary studies, and to this approach this paper makes a compelling case for understanding narrative as ethic and brings the inanition process of Confucius ethic into focus. With pen - names Shenxiu and Dongyuan, Dai Zhen （ 1724 - 1777） was a famous Confucian of the Qing Dynasty. His main works are On Goodness and A Textual Research in Concepts of the Works of Mencius, in both of which he criticizes the Song and Ming Neo - Confucianism. Daizhen＇s theory of humanity is the content of his theory of righteousness at the core. Daizhen sets the human＇s desire with the view of the vitality on the ontology level. And his revaluing of human＇s desire is based on his humanist conception. When Daizhen inquires into the relationship of human＇s desire and laws of nature, humans desire is not confined to the counter - part of laws of nature. This article will inquire into his theory of desire and ration from different aspects of the essence of humanity and its function in the fulfillment of modernity in China.