虚拟现实在髋关节手术中的应用

Application of Virtual Reality in Hip Joint Surgery

绝大部分患者的髋关节疾病早期都是由骨骼结构异常引起的，通过各种修复手术可以有效阻止病情恶化，但是确定一个最佳的手术方案却很困难．针对解决这个问题，本文设计了在术前提供选择最佳方案的方法．通过输入髋关节的CT图像，建立虚拟的髋关节三维模型，然后利用刚体弹性理论分析髋关节的受力．系统包括数据准备模块和受力分析虚拟环境模块。通过数据准备模块建立髋关节三维立体图，受力分析虚拟环境模块利用生物力学的方法对人工髋关节进行评估，为截骨术提供相应数据，从而在术前就可以检验出各种手术方案的优劣．本系统有待在实际应用中进一步提高决策准确性．

For patients who have early signs of hip joint disease resulting from a structural abnormality, various surgeries for correcting abnormal stress distribution can be useful to prevent the progression of the disease. However, it is difficult to confirm the optimal procedures for surgery. To deal with this problem, this paper devised a method to support preoperative planning. Hip images obtained by computed tomography were loaded into our program, and a virtual hip joint model was created. Then the pressure distribution on the hip joint was analyzed with a rigid-body spring analysis. This system has two modules： a data preparation module and a mechanical analysis virtual environment module. The data preparation module is used to build up three-dimensional stereoscopic figure of the hip joint. With the biomechanics method, the mechanical analysis virtual environment module evaluates the human hip joint to prepare relevant data for the osteotomy. So the advantages and disadvantages of various surgical methods can be examined biomechanically prior to surgery.