酒糟对旱地土壤培肥及小麦增产效果研究

Effects of Stillage on Dryland Soil and Wheat Yield

在豫西旱区红粘土Ｎ１２０Ｐ９０的施肥量基础上，每公顷增施３．７５万ｋｇ～７．５万ｋｇ酒糟，小麦增产１０．２％～１２．８％，土壤全氮增加１８．６％～２８．６％，全磷增加２６．０％～４２．４１％，有机质增加２０．３％～２４．４％，土壤保蓄水分能力明显增强，酒糟氮无机氮各半与磷肥配施增产效果最佳，比等量无机氮和磷肥配施产量提高２３．８％，增产达显著水平，氮肥利用率提高９８．９％，土壤供氮量减少１８．６％。酒糟与无机氮磷肥配施对小麦的连应效果显著。每公顷１．８７５万ｋｇ～３．７５万ｋｇ酒糟配合无机氮磷肥施用，２年定位试验表明：土壤全氮比基础土样增加１．１％～４７．２％，全磷增加７．６％～１０．１％，有机质增加１５．２％～３８．３％。单施无机氮磷肥土壤肥力明显下降。

After an application of 30.750～75.000 kg/hm2. of stilalge to the N120P90 farmland in West Henan lateritic soil, 10.2%～12.8% of wheat yield, 18.6%～28.6% of soil N, 26.0%～42.4% of P and 20.3%～24.4% of of organism are increased. The best yield increase effect comes from the proportional use of stillage N, inorganic N and phosphorus. Two years of test with 18.750～37.500 kg/hm2. stillage and inorganic N+P application indicates that 1.1%～47.2% of N, 7.6%～10.1% of P and 15.2%～38.3% of organisms in soil are enhanced.