不同生态型玉米干物质生产的初步研究

A STUDY ON DRY MATTER PRODUCTION OFDIFFERENT ECOTYPES OF MAIZE

研究了４个生态型玉米夏播的干物质生产特点。这４个生态型是平丘中晚熟型（Ａ）、低山中熟型（Ｂ）、中山晚熟型（Ｃ）和高山早熟型（Ｄ）。结果表明：①单株干物质生产量，Ｃ＞Ｂ＞Ａ＞Ｄ；②干物质相对生产效率和抽雄后净同化率，Ｄ＞Ａ＞Ｂ＞Ｃ；③抽雄后生产的干物质占单株干物质的比重，Ｄ＞Ａ＞Ｂ＞Ｃ；④干物质向经济器官的转移效率，Ａ＞Ｄ＞Ｂ＞Ｃ。不同生态型玉米的干物质生产受种子千粒重、单株叶数、叶面积、净同化率、生长期等因素的影响。收获指数在生态型之间的差异受品种、地域环境和栽培条件等因素的影响。

Characteristics of dry matter production of four ecotypes of maize have been studied. The four ecotypes are that growth time is midle-long (A) for plain and hill aeras, growth time midlle (B) for lowmountain areas, long (C) for middle mountain areas and short (D) for highmountain areas. The results are the follows. ①Dry matter weight per plant is C>B>A>D. ②Relative growth rate of dry matter and net assimilationrate after heading are D>A>B>C. ③Ratio of weight of dry matter afterheading to that of whole plant, D>A>B>C. ④Harvest index is A>D>B>C. Dry matter production of different ecotypes of maize is effectd by 1000～grain weight of seed, leaf number and leaf area per plant, netassimilatinrate and growth time ect. Difference of harvest index amongecotypes stems from heredity, places come from and cultivate conditions and so on.