地区收入差距与收入流动性演进的比较分析:1978-2007年

Comparative Analysis of Regional Income Difference and Income Mobility:1978-2007

由于二元经济结构的存在,尽管始自1978年的改革使我国地区间收入差距逐渐扩大,但地区间城镇、农村的收入差距仍处于较低水平。然而,恰恰是这种低水平的地区收入差距的背后却伴随着地区间机会不均等的进一步恶化,整个区间收入流动性逐渐下降,特别是20世纪90年代以来,地区间农村的两极固化格局已经形成,而城镇也呈现单极固化的趋势,这意味着地区间收入差距将持久存在。而且,地区间收入差距与收入流动性呈现协同变化特征。因此,缩小地区收入差距的关键在于扭转地区间机会不平等局面,增强地区间收入流动性。

The dual economic structure has resulted in the slight income difference between rural and urban area in the same region, though the regional income gap has been constantly expanding since the reform in 1978. However, behind the slight income difference there is the deteriorating unequal opportunities among various regions, leading to the declining of the income mobility in the whole region. Especially since 1990s when the curing polarized structure has taken shape in the countryside and the urban area takes the form of curing single-pole structure, it is likely that the regional income difference will exist for a long time. Moreover, the regional income difference and income mobility change in coordination ~ith each other. Therefore, the key to narrowing the regional income difference is to get rid of the unequal opportunities and to increase regional income mobility.