价值澄清学说及其兴衰原因探析

Theory of Value Clarification and Its Wax and Wane

价值澄清学说是20世纪美国学校道德教育领域有代表性的改革探索理论之一。该学说主张价值观是个人生活经验的积累，价值观教育主要通过非灌输、价值中立的方法，教给学生澄清个人价值观的技巧，培养自我评价、自我指导能力。20世纪60年代后期，由于其主张顺乎当时的社会潮流，方法易于掌握而登上美国道德教育改革的舞台并迅速流行。20世纪80年代，受美国社会保守主义思潮回归及自身理论缺陷的影响而开始走向衰落。分析价值澄清学说及其兴衰的原因，对我国学校价值观教育具有积极的借鉴作用。

Value Clarification （VC） is one of the representative reform theories in American moral education in the 20th century. The theory holds that values are accumulated from a person＇s experiences. Value education is non-inculcated and is value-neutral and students should be taught the skill of clarification and raise their ability of self-value and self-instruction. In the late 1960s, VC quickly became the reigning fashion in American moral education as its proposition suited the trend of the times and could be easily applied to schools. However, in the 1980s, influenced by the conservative ideological return and its own flaws, VC was declining. It would provide inspiration for Chinese values education by analyzing the proposition of VC and the reasons of its wax and wane.