树状分形结构形成过程的实验研究

An experimental study on the growth process of dendritic fractal

对大量金属小球在强电场作用下运动形态的演化全过程用联机摄像装置进行了实时拍摄,通过用Sandbox方法计算其稳定状态的分维数,系统地研究了分维数随电压的变化关系.结果表明:在一定电压范围内金属小球聚集体通过自组织过程形成稳定的树状分形结构,其分维数随外加电压的增加而减小.该结果对研究耗散结构的形成机理和外界动力对耗散结构的形貌影响具有参考价值.

In this paper the temporal evolution processes of large numbers of metallic balls under high voltage were observed using a PC-camera. The fractal dimensions of the stable agglomerates of metallic balls were calculated by means of the sandbox method. Also, the relationship between the fractal dimension and the voltage were studied. The result showed that the stable agglomerates of metallic balls can have dendritic fractal structures through a self-organization evolution process and the fractal dimension decreases with the increasing of voltage. The results are of value for the growth mechanism and morphology study of dissipative structure.