从公民参与看东亚民主转型

On the Democratic Transformation in the East Asia in view of Citizens' Participation

西方演进型民主的发展历史,昭示出自下而上的力量在通往民主的道路上扮演了不可或缺的角色。这种力量表现在民主运动中便是公民以不同形式对民主政治的参与。东亚国家和地区在民主转型过程中同样体现了这样一种趋势。民主参与不仅是一种政治活动,还是公民的基本权利,即参政权。转型社会的参与类型较为复杂,主要包括制度性参与、合法的非制度性参与和非法的参与。在权威政体松动、开始推行民主化之后,公民会逐渐远离非法的制度外参与。

The development of the Western - type democracy indicates that the down - up strength has played an indispensable role in the course to democracy. In the pro -democracy movement, this strength refers to citizens＇ participation of democratic politics in different forms. Similarly, such tendency also reflects in the democratic transition in East Asian countries and regions. Besides the political activities, the democratic participation is also the fundamental rights of citizens, namely, the right to political participation. There are three major types of participation in a transitional society, the institutional participation, the legitimate non institutional participation, and the illicit participation. With the lessened government authority and in the process of democratization, citizens will gradually keep away from the illicit non -institutional participation.