绵羊实验性变异黄芪和黄花棘豆中毒的比较

Comparative Studies on Experimental Poisoning ofAstrugalus variabilis and Oxytropis ochrocephala in Sheep

利用饲喂试验比较了变异黄芪和黄花棘豆对绵羊的毒性作用．结果表明，变异黄芪和黄花棘豆的毒性作用极为相似．主要临床症状为沉郁、被毛粗乱、消瘦、体重减轻、僵硬，采食时头部水平震颤，神经机能紊乱及心律不齐．从试验的第１８ｄ开始，两组的循环淋巴细胞中出现胞浆空泡，血清碱性磷酸酶活性、谷草转氨酶活性及血清尿素氮含量均明显升高．各组的血糖、肌酐、血钙、血钾、总蛋白、谷丙转氨酶均无明显变化．２组Ｅ－玫瑰花环形成率均显著降低（Ｐ＜００５）．２组的特征病理组织学变化均为神经细胞及实质细胞胞浆空泡化．电镜观察表明，空泡是由溶酶体样结构及线粒体肿胀所致．变异黄芪中毒和黄花棘豆中毒的症状、病理变化、临床病理学及细胞免疫功能变化的相似性充分说明，变异黄芪中毒亦可归属于疯草中毒．

The toxic effects of Astrugalus variabilis and Oxytropis ochrocephala on sheep were compared through feeding experiment.The results obtained show that the toxic effects of A.variabilis and O.ochrocephala were very similar.The clinical signs mainly consisted of depression,rough hair coat,emaciation,loss of weight,stiff,head treambling when eating,neurological disturbance(nervousness,muscular incoordination),and arrhythmia.From the 18th day of experiment,the serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,and the blood urea nitrogen(BUN)value were increased significantly in group A and O(P<001),indicating the serious damages of the tissue.However,no significant changes in blood glucose,creatine,calcium(Ca),potassiam(K),total protein(TP)and glutamic transaminase value in all sheep have been observed.The percentage of lymphocytes forming erythrocyte rosette(E-rosette)in peripheral blood of the sheep group A and O was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<005),indicating that the cell immunologic function was decreased.The mainly gross lesions in group A were the accumulation of pericardiac and ascitic fluid and the serious damage of the liver.In group O,the liver was damaged seriously too,and the brain texture became soften.Cytoplasmic vacuolation in neuronal and parenehyma cells was the characteristic histological lesion.Eletron microscopic studies have revealed that the vacuolation resulted from swollen lysosomal sttructures or mitochodria.The similarity of clinical signs,lesions,cell immunological function and histopathologic changes in group A and O are strongly suggested that the poisoning of Astrugalus variablilis also belong to locoweeds poisoning.