从历史的角度看影响体育发展的因素——以广东、湖南体育发展为例

Factors of Influencing Sports Development from the Perspective of History——Taking the Sports Development of Guangdong and Hunan Province as Example

笔者运用文献法,比较广东、湖南的体育发展轨迹,发现不同历史阶段,影响体育发展的主因不同:军事斗争是推动古代、近代体育特别是武艺发展的主因;近代"强国保种"的救亡思想加速了西方现代体育的中国化,也影响了传统体育特别是武术的正常发展;现代西方强势文化特别是体育文化的入侵使得我国传统体育被边缘化,武术等传统体育在活动样式、价值体系甚至文化内涵都深受西方文化的侵蚀。地域经济发展水平、地域文化特征、地理位置等也是体育发展的重要影响因素,在和平年代犹显突出。

Through using the method of literature review, and comparing the sports developing track between Guangdong and Hunan, this paper finds out that the main reason influencing sports development at different historical phase is the military combat, which promote the sport, especially Wushu skill development in ancient and recent times. In modern times, the idea of powerful nation accelerates the western modern sport more Chinese, it also influences the normal development of traditional sports, especially Wushu. The invasion of modern western dominant culture, especially sport culture makes our traditional sports marginalization. The activity style, value system, even the culture meaning of traditional sports Wushu is deeply influenced by western culture. The regional economic development level, regional culture and Geography position are also the main influence factors, especially at peaceful times.