通过修剪调控露地宿根花卉花期的试验研究

Experimental Research on Regulating the Flowering Stages of Perennial Flowers in Open Field through Trimming

[目的]为调控露地宿根花卉的花期探索可行的园艺措施。[方法]修剪等简单园艺措施可使部分宿根花卉二次开花,利用这一特点通过修剪试验研究14种宿根花卉的花期调控。[结果]在自然花期修剪的植物中,花期调控效果优良的是穗花婆婆纳、大花金鸡菊、宿根福禄考、黑心菊、蓍草、桔梗;一般的是红花钓钟柳、紫花鼠尾草、蒲公英、千屈菜、荆芥;较差的是月见草、‘金娃娃’萱草;飞蓬修剪后不再开花。在自然花期的末花期修剪的植物中,花期调控效果优良的是穗花婆婆纳;一般的是紫花鼠尾草、红花钓钟柳、蒲公英;较差的是月见草。在现蕾期或初花期修剪的植物中,花期调控效果优良的是大花金鸡菊、宿根福禄考、桔梗、黑心菊、蓍草;一般的是千屈菜、荆芥;较差的是‘金娃娃’萱草。[结论]简单修剪后,14种宿根花卉中大部分的花期都延长了。

[ Objective ] The purpose of the research was to explore feasible gardening neasures for regulating the flowemg stages of perennial flowers in open field. [ Method ] The simple gardening measures such as trimming could make some perennial flowers bloomed again. Based on this characteristic, the regulation of flowering stages of 14 perennial flowers were researched through trimming experiment. [ Result ] Among the plants trimmed in their natural flowering stages, the plants with good regulation effects on flowering stage were Veronica spicata, Coreopsis grandiflora, Phlox paniculata, Rudbeckia hybrida, Achillea alpina and Platycodon grandiflorus ; the plants with general regulation effects were Penstemon barbatus, Salvia officinalis, Herba taraxaci, Lythrum salicaria and Nepeta cataria ; the plants with worse regulation effects were Oenothera tetragona and HemerocaUis fulva ＇ Stelladeoro＇ ; the trimmed Erigeron hybrida did not bloom again. Among the plants trimmed in the last flowering stages of their natural flowering stages, the plant with good regulation effect on flowering stage was V. spicata ; the plants with general regulation effects were S. officinalis, P. barbatus and H. taraxaci; the plant with worse regulation effect was O. tetragona. Among the plants trimmed in their suqaring stages or initial flowering stages, the plants with good regulation effects on flowering stage were C. grandiflora, P. paniculata, P. grandiflorus , R. hybrida and A. alpina ; the plants with general regulation effects were L. salicaria and N. cataria ; the plant with worse regulation effect was H. fidva ＇ Stelladeoro＇. [ Conclusion] Most flowering stages of the 14 perennial flowers were extended after they were trimmed simply.