活性Al_2O_3法与CaO+KH_2PO_4法处理高氟饮用水的对比

Comparison of Active Method of Al_2O_3 and CaO+KH_2PO_4 for the Treatment of Drinking Water with High Fluoride

[目的]选择适宜的高氟饮用水处理方法。[方法]针对相同的高氟饮用水水质,利用活性Al2O3吸附法与CaO+KH2PO4沉淀法进行对比研究,并对2种除氟方法的除氟效果、处理成本、处理周期和出水量等方面作了对比。[结果]将氟化物浓度为1.75 mg/L的高氟水降至1.0 mg/L以下,吨水活性Al2O3和CaO+KH2PO4的投加量分别为20.0 kg和2.05 kg。确定了CaO/KH2PO4的最佳投药量为0.400/0.625,在该配比下得到的水质结果为:氟质量浓度为0.86 mg/L,pH值为7.02,总硬度144 mg/L,硫酸盐质量浓度68.5 mg/L,氯化物质量浓度为46.2 mg/L,达到了饮用水水质标准。活性Al2O3吸附法较CaO+KH2PO4沉淀法的处理周期短,设备和工程投资少,而CaO+KH2PO4沉淀法在处理效果、出水量以及能耗方面占优势。[结论]活性Al2O3吸附法适用于原水氟化物超标倍数低,且总硬度偏低的高氟水水质;CaO+KH2PO4沉淀法适用于原水K+和PO34-偏低的水质。

[ Objective] The suitable method for the treatment of drinking water was optimal. [ Method] Two methods for the treatment of drinking water with high fluoride： the active Al2O3 assay and CaO ＋ KH2PO4 precipitation, were compared in their efficiency, cost, treating duration, water amount and so on. [ Results] The result indicated the added quantity of active Al2O3 and CaO ＋ KH2PO4 was 20 kilograms and 2.05 kilograms, respectively, if the concentration of the fluoride of 1.75 mg/L in per ton＇ s water was reduced to below 1.0 mg/L. the optimal addition amount of CaO/KH2PO4 was 0. 400/0.625, under which condition, the water quality after treated was the concentration of fluoride was 0.86 mg/L; pH value, 7.02; total hardness, 144 mg/L; the concentration of sulfate, 68.5 mg/L; the concentration of chloride, 46. 2 mg/L so that the quality of the water met the quality standard of drinking water. The active Al2O3 assay method was with shorter treating duration and less cost in equipment and engineering and the CaO ＋ KH2 PO4 precipitation method had the stronger advantage in treating efficiency, water amount, and less energy - consuming. [ Conclusion ] The treatment of the active Al2O3 assay method was suitable for the water with relevant low contain of fluoride or high contain of fluoride with relevant low hardness.