成年人屈光不正的发病率:以医院为基础的研究(英文)

Incidence of refractive error among adult population:a Hospital base study

目的:以医院为基础,调查成年人群屈光不正的发病率。方法:2008-06/2008-12,海德拉巴Liaquat大学眼科医院第三转诊中心,所有受试者均进行详细的眼科检查,记录其最佳矫正视力。以主观折射为基础检查屈光状态。只记录每位受试者的右眼。远视定义为等量球镜>+0.5屈光度(DS),正视定义为等量球镜介于-0.50至+0.50DS之间,近视定义为等量球镜<-0.50DS,等量球镜≤-5.00DS为高度近视。以负的柱镜矫正散光,散光定义为任何轴位的柱镜度数<-0.50屈光度(DC)。结果:8400名门诊患者参与调查,年龄20～60岁之间,男女比例61∶39,包括农村和城市人口。67%的患者完成了高中教育。8400位患者中,2719(32.37%)位的最佳矫正视力≥20/40,其余5681(67.63%)位由于眼前后节的疾病最佳矫正视力<20/40,排除本研究。2719位患者中,1065(39.17%)位患者的右眼为有晶状体眼,占8400位接受检查者的12.68%,剩余1654(60.83%)位为人工晶状体眼,结果分析只包括最近6mo内总接诊患者的12.68%(1065位有晶状体眼屈光不正患者)。590(55.4%的有晶状体眼)位男性和475(44.6%)女性,远视300位(28.2%的有晶状体眼),近视690位(64.8%的有晶状体眼),近视的发病率岁年龄增长显著增加。高度近视占受试人群的7%(75)。405位(38.03%)患者散光度数<0.5DC,包括195位(48.15%)男性和210(51.85%)女性。结论:屈光不正是一个重要的公众健康问题,影响视功能及日常活动。最佳视功能应包括未校正和校正后的屈光不正。

AIM： To assess the incidence of refractive error among adult population： a Hospital base study. METHODS： This Hospital based study was conducted between June 2008 to November 2008 at tertiary referral center, Liaquat University Eye Hospital, Hyderabad. All subjects underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. The best corrected visual acuity（BCVA） was recorded. Refraction data are based on subjective refraction. Only the right eye of each subject was considered. Hypermetropia was defined as a spherical equivalent greater than ＋ 0.5 diopter sphere （DS）. Emmetropia was defined as a spherical equivalent between -0. 50 and ＋ 0. 50DS, myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent worse than -0.50DS and a spherical equivalent or worse than -5.00 DS was classified as a high myopia. Astigmatism correction was prescribed in minus cylinder format, and astigmatism was defined as cylinder error worse than -0.50 diopter cylinder （DC） in any axis. RESULTS： Eight thousand and four hundred patients were attended the out patients department with age range of 20-60 years. The proportion of men and women was 61： 39. Both the rural and urban population were treated. Sixty seven percents of patients has completed their higher secondary education. Of the total 8400 patients 2719 （32.37% ） had BCVA 20/40 or better and remaining 5681 （67.63%） had BCVA poor than 20/40 due to different anterior and posterior segment eye pathologies, and were excluded from study. Of the 2719 patients 1 065（39.17% ） were phakic in right eye and making the 12.68% of total （8400） examined patients, and remaining 1 654 （60.83%） were pseudophakic. The result were analyzed for only 12.68（1065 phakic ametropic patients） percent of total treated patients in last 6 months. There were 590（55.40% of phakic patients） men and 475 （44. 60%） women. Hypermetropia was found in 300 patients （28. 20% of phakic ametropic）. Six hundred and ninety （64.80% of phakic ametropic） patients had myopia. The incidence of myopia increased significantly with age. High myopes constituted 7% （75） of the study population. Four hundred and five （38. 03% of phakic） patients had astigmatism worse than 0.5D cylinder. There were 195（48.15%） men and 210（51.85%） women. CONCLUSION. Refractive error is a significant public health problem in our population that may be impact on visual function and activities of daily life. Optimal visual function may be compromised with uncorrected or undercorrected refractive errors.