儿童结核病的诊断

Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children

儿童结核病诊断的金标准是结核杆菌培养或抗酸染色发现结核杆菌,但由于儿童结核病相对感染的细菌量少,结核杆菌培养或抗酸染色阳性率较低,临床诊断主要依靠结核菌素试验,近年发展了血清结核杆菌抗体检测和γ-干扰素释放测定方法。文章重点介绍了这两种诊断方法在儿童结核病诊断中的应用。

The positive smear and/or culture for tubercle bacilli can confirm the diagnosis of tuberculosis. But the positive rate is very low in children. Clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis is mainly dependent on the PPD skin test. Serum antibody detection and interferon γ release have been used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in recent several years. In this article, the application of these two new methods for diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is highlighted.