电连接器真空环境试验电压加载方式研究

Research on Environment Test Voltage Loading Method of Electrical Connector in Vacuum

根据真空环境下电连接器主要是由沿面闪络造成绝缘电阻和耐压强度下降或被击穿而失效的状况,针对电连接器电压加载方式不同所产生的电场强弱会有较大的差异的问题,通过静电场理论,建立电连接器电场强度的计算模型并提出电连接器电场强度的计算方法;为了更快速准确地评价电连接器在真空环境下的绝缘工作寿命,以额定电压下所产生的电场强度最大且最为均匀为目标,建立电连接器电压加载方式优化的数学模型;通过采用电场强度的信噪比作为综合评价函数,将优化的多目标转化为单目标,并通过应用遗传算法对电压加载方式进行了优化。优化结果表明,电压加载方式经优化后电场强度可提高了50%左右,而且均匀程度更高,可为实现电连接器真空环境可靠性的准确评价提供依据。

For problems that different voltage loading method of electrical connector produces different electric field, the calculation model and method of electric field are set up with the electrostatic field theory in view that the decrease or breakdown of insulation resistance and dielectric strength induced by surface flashover cause failure of electrical connector in vacuum. Then in order to quickly and accurately evaluate the insulation life of electrical connector in vacuum environment, the optimized mathematical model of electric field is established under the condition of rated voltage by regarding the largest electric field and the most uniform electric field as objectives. Through extracting comprehensive evaluation function from the objectives by using signal-to-noise ratio of electric field, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the voltage loading method by converting multi objective to single objective. The optimal results show that the electric field not only increases about 50%, but also is more uniform, which provides the reference for the reliability evaluation of electrical connector in vacuum.