超临界CO_2配合萃取巴戟天中的有害元素

Extraction of harmful elements from Morinda officinalis How by using supercritical CO_2 with a chelating agent

以二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(NaDDC)作为配合剂,乙醇为改性剂,采用超临界CO2配合萃取广东道地药材巴戟天中的有害元素Cu,Pb,As。考察了配合萃取方式、时间、压力、温度、配合剂用量等因素对中药材中有害元素萃取的影响。通过正交实验,建立了有害元素萃取工艺为:萃取压力28 MPa,萃取温度60℃,m(药材)∶m(NaDDC)=5∶1,m(药材)∶m(乙醇)=1∶1,静态萃取1 h,动态萃取2 h。在此条件下,巴戟天中Cu,Pb,As的脱除率均达60%以上,萃取后的药材中有害元素质量比达到美国FDA标准,而生理活性成分巴戟天多糖的质量比保持不变,研究成果为中药材中有害元素的脱除开辟了一条新途径。

The harmful elements including Cu, Pb and As were extracted from Morinda Guangdong of China by supercritical CO2 with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate （NaDDC） as a chelating How from agent and ethanol as a modifier. The effects of extraction style, time, pressure, temperature and amount of chelating agent, etc. on the extraction of harmful elements in herbs were discussed. The condition was optimized and defined as follows： extraction pressure 28 MPa, extraction temperature 60 ℃, m （herb） ： m （NaDDC） = 5： 1, m （herb）：m （ethanol） = 1： 1, static extraction time 1 h, dynamic extraction time 2 h. Under the optimum condition, the extraction rate of Cu, Pb and As in Morinda officinalis How reached more than 60%, which came up to FDA standard of USA, while the mass ratio of physiological active substance such as polysaccharide in Morinda officinalis How was basically kept unchanged. The results show that the chelating extraction by supercritical CO2 provides a new approach for removal of harmful elements from Chinese traditional medicines.