中国城市非正规就业研究综述——兼论全球化背景下地理学视角的研究议题

Review of Informal Employment Research in Urban China

非正规就业研究已引起全球范围内学者的广泛重视。自改革开放以来,我国城市就业模式变化迅速,非正规就业已发展成为重要的就业形式,其研究日趋为学术界所关注。当前我国对非正规就业研究以社会学和经济学为主,主要集中在非正规就业的概念,非正规就业产生的原因,农民工、下岗工人、妇女、高校毕业生等群体非正规就业的特征及非正规就业的发展对策。文中系统梳理和评价了国内研究现状,指出从地理学视角出发的3个非正规就业研究议题包括非正规就业与全球化、非正规就业与城市化以及非正规就业的空间。

The study on informal employment has become a hot and important academic field over the world during recent years. The mode of employment in urban China has changed rapidly in the post-reform time, as a result the informal employment has grown into a significant part of urban employment. Therefore, the study on informal employment has caused more and more academic concern. Most of current research on informal employment in urban China is dominated by the two disciplines, sociology and economics, of which the scholars highlight such contents as conceptualization of informal employment based on ILO＇s （International Labor Organization） work, the reasons of informal employment＇s formation, empirical research on the characteristics of informal employment conducted by the four main groups including peasant-workers, laid-off workers, female labors and graduates, and the measures to promote development of informal employment. This paper systematically reviews and appraises the current literatures in the aspects of method and content, and proposed three research topics of informal employment from the geographical perspective： the linkage between informal employment and globalization, informal employment and urbanization, and the spatiality of informal employment.