《生态环境状况评价技术规范(试行)》中若干值得商榷的问题

Some Issues Related to "Technical Criterion for Eco-environmental Status Evaluation (Trial Implementation)"

分析了《生态环境状况评价技术规范(试行)》(简称《规范》)中指标使用、计算方法和应用范围等值得商榷的问题。认为《规范》中的湿地除了应包括天然湿地外还应包含人工湿地,同时应将湿地作为水网的重要构成;未利用地中的部分指标在国家尺度上不具有代表性;将各类水网指标直接相加而不进行权重分配有失客观;归一化方法使用上没有统一。《规范》对于同一区域生态环境状况的动态变化评价没有意义,且不适用于城市内设区的区级行政单位生态环境状况评价。建议根据各区域生态环境特征建立分区的评价指标体系,指标应具有很强的代表性、可比性和操作性,在指数计算中应对各指数及其下设指标分别进行权重分配,各指数均应进行归一化,同一区域不同时期各指标的归一化系数应保持恒定。

Some issues related to ＂Technical Criterion for Eco-environmental Status Evaluation （trial implementation）＂ （technical criterion for short） were presented, especially the limitations in index application, calculation methods and applications. It was considered that wetland should not only include the natural one, but also constructed one in the ＂technical criterion＂. Some indexes of the unused land were not the representative ones in a national dimension. The method of adding the water net indexes directly before assigning a weight was not objective, and the normalization method was not unified in the ＂technical criterion＂. The classification criterion was useless when being employed to evaluate the ecological environment of different periods, and the present ＂technical criterion＂ was ineffective when they are used to evaluate a district of a city. A proposal was put forward based on the limitations such as constructing a divisional index system, choosing representative, comparative and exercisable indexes, distributing weight to the indexes, normalizing all the indexes, keeping the normalized coefficient of the indexes in a steady situation.