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骨髓增生异常/骨髓增殖性疾病的血液学特征分析 被引量:1

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摘要 目的:骨髓增生异常/骨髓增殖性疾病(MD/MPD)由于临床症状和形态学表现多有重叠之处,给诊断造成了困难。为了对这组疾病有更深入的了解和临床应用,对该组疾病进行了实验室检查综合分析。方法:选择MD/MPD病例47例,CMML-型24例,CMML-型11例,aCML3例,JMML3例,MD/MPD-U6例,对其临床及实验室检查进行综合分析。结果:性别:男女之比2.31:1,男性明显高于女性。年龄:CMML-型和型、MD/MPD-U80%患者>50岁,aCML平均年龄<50岁,JMML<3岁。临床症状:以乏力、头晕、心慌、气短为常见症状,部分患者有发热、出血,肝、脾肿大较明显。血象:血红蛋白以轻、中度贫血为主,部分患者正常,重度贫血者少见。白细胞:各型均以增高为主(63.63%~100%)。血小板:CMML-型减低较型明显,aCML、JMML100%减低,MD/MPD-U100%增高。外周血涂片:CMML-型和CMML-型、JMML单核细胞增多,以成熟单核细胞为主,单核细胞绝对值1.16~35.63×109/L,aCML、MD/MPD-U单核细胞不增多。骨髓象:骨髓增生程度以增生活跃、明显活跃或极度活跃为主,无增生低下者。CMML-型和CMML-型患者83.63~90%有病态造血,两型中27例/35例(77.14%)患者同时有MD/MPD的表现,8例/35例(22.86%)患者有MPD表现,而无明显病态造血。骨髓活检:以粒系增生为主,部分患者原始细胞增多,有的患者部分区域显示纤维组织增生。融合基因BCR/ABL检查阴性。结论:这是一组具有MD/MPD双重特点的疾病,既有MDS的病态造血,又有CMPD的一系或多系血细胞的增殖,引起外周血细胞减少或增多,融合基因BCR/ABL检查阴性。WHO将本质上是增殖性疾病但形态学有异常特征的疾病归入MD/MPD。
出处 《检验医学教育》 2009年第2期43-47,共5页
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