从语言的元功能看政治演讲——以奥巴马2008年大选获胜演说为例

Analyzing Obama's Victory Speech in 2008 Presidential Election by Language's Meta-functions

从功能语言观的角度,利用批评性语篇分析的方法,以奥巴马2008年大选获胜演说为范本,分析了政治演讲这种语篇模式的特征,挖掘了政治演讲在语言上如何通过及物性系统、语态系统和归一性系统实现概念功能,如何通过语气系统和情态系统实现人际功能,如何通过主位结构、信息结构和衔接系统实现语篇功能。政治演讲的演讲者对自己主、客观态度的把握,对演说辞可信度和说服力的塑造,对自己社会身份、人际关系和意识形态的建构都能够通过语言的三大元功能得以体现。

From the perspective of functional grammar and critical text analysis, an attempt is made to analyze how a political speech fulfills the ideational function through transitivity, voice and polarity, the interpersonal function through mood and modality, and the textual function through theme-rheme structure, information structure and cohesion with Barack Obama＇s victory speech in 2008 presidential election as a sample. It is quite evident that the speaker＇s command of subjective and objective attitudes, the development of the speech＇ s credibility and persuasion, and the construction of the speaker＇ s social identity, interpersonal relationship and ideology can all be realized by language＇s three meta-functions.