5Lacomme P,Prins C, Ramdane-Cherif W. Competitive memetic algorithm for are routing problems[J]. Annals of Operations Research,2004 (131):159-185.
6Mourao M C, Amado L Heuristic method for a mixed capacitated arc routing problem: a refuse collection application[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,2005(160) : 139--153.