婴儿喂养方式与疾病的关系

STUDY ON ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INFANT FEEDING WAYS AND DISEASES

目的探讨不同喂养方式对婴儿疾病的影响,了解影响母乳喂养的相关因素,旨在进一步促进母乳喂养。方法采用回顾性方法,对1144例4个月内婴儿喂养方式与疾病的关系进行临床分析,并了解婴儿喂养方式与城乡及性别的关系。结果4个月内婴儿的纯母乳喂养率是77.6%,健康婴儿母乳喂养率高于患病婴儿的母乳喂养率(86.8%vs69.61%),二者差异有统计学意义(χ2=48.66,P<0.01)。母乳喂养较非母乳喂养儿的病程短,母乳喂养患儿病程≤7d占75.6%,>7d占24.4%;非母乳喂养病程≤7d占47.3%,>7d占52.7%,二者差异有统计学意义(χ2=46.81,P<0.01)。农村婴儿母乳喂养率显著高于城市婴儿母乳喂养率(80.72%vs72.9%,χ2=9.6,P<0.01),差异有统计学意义。男婴母乳喂养率与女婴母乳喂养率相比差异无统计学意义(78.6%vs76.4%,χ2=0.75,P>0.05)。结论婴儿喂养方式与患病风险及病程密切相关,提高母乳喂养率能减少疾病的发生,缩短病程。因此应加强母乳喂养知识宣教,提高母乳喂养率。

Objective To evaluate the influence of different feeding ways on infant diseases, to find potential factors related to the breastfeeding and thus to advocate breastfeeding. Methods The feeding ways of 1144 infants less than 4 months old were investigated by retroapective method, and then we deeply analyzed the correlation between feeding ways and infant diseases. Meanwhile, the differences of feeding ways for different gender and different districts （the city and the country） were also investigated in the present study. Results 77. 6% of infants had a pure breastfeeding and the breastfeeding rate of healthy infant was higher than that of sick infant （86.8% vs 69.61% ,X2 = 48. 66, P〈 0.01）. Infants with breastfeeding had a shorter course of disease （X2 = 46. 81,P〈0.01）. For infants with breastfeed- ing, 75.6% of whom had a course of disease no more than 7days; for infants without breastfeeding, only 47.3% had a course of disease no more than 7days. In addition, the breastfeeding rate of infants in the country was significant higher than those in city （80.72% vs 72.9% ,X2 = 9.6, P〈0.01）, but there was no difference of the breastfeeding rate between different genders. Conclusion It was likely that the feeding ways of infants closely related to the risk and the course of infant diseases. In addition, the breastfeeding was helpful to decreasing the infant diseases and shorting the course of disease. So we need to strengthen the education and publicity of the knowledge on breastfeeding, and to prove the breastfeeding rates.