江淮流域杂草稻叶绿体DNA的籼粳分化

Indica-japonica Differentiation of Chloroplast DNA of Weedy Rice in the Changjiang and Huaihe River Valley of China

为了探明江淮流域杂草稻的细胞质来源,根据水稻叶绿体DNA ORF100(Open Reading Frame 100)序列在籼粳间存在69 bp差异的特征,设计了InDel标记cpDNA69。利用该标记对2个分别以籼稻和粳稻为母本的F2群体、22份栽培稻(Oryza sativaL.)、3份普通野生稻(O.rufipogonGriff.)进行了分析验证。PCR结果可以获得缺失和非缺失两种带型,缺失带型与以籼稻为母本的F2群体、10份籼稻材料完全对应;非缺失带型与以粳稻为母本的F2群体、11份粳稻材料完全对应,3份广西普通野生稻为非缺失带型,属粳型,1份以粳稻为母本的籼粳杂交材料为粳型。因此,cpDNA69可以用作叶绿体籼粳鉴定标记。利用该标记对22份杂草稻的叶绿体DNA鉴定的结果表明,7份早年发现的杂草稻,即江苏省连云港穭稻和安徽省怀远、来安、全椒、肥东的塘稻的叶绿体DNA为非缺失带型,属粳型,而近年来在江苏省扬中、高邮、灌云、洪泽、盐都、兴化、如皋等地直播稻田发现的15份红米杂草稻的叶绿体DNA为缺失带型,属籼型。这为进一步研究江淮流域杂草稻的来源提供了依据。

To detect the cytoplasmic origin of weedy rice in the Changjiang-Huaihe River Valley of China, an InDel marker cpDNA69 was developed based on the 69 bp deletion in indica chloroplast DNA ORF100 （cpDNA Open Reading Frame 100）. Three accessions of common wild rice （Oryza rufipogon Griff. ） from Guangxi, China and 22 cultivars （（9. sativa L. ） and two F2 populations with indica and japonica rice as maternal parent respectively were investigated by the length polymorphism for ORF100 region. The non-deletion cpDNA ORF100 was found in japonica cultivars and the Fz plants with japonica rice as maternal parent, and the deletion cpDNA ORF100 was found in the indica cultivars and the F2 plants with indica rice as maternal parent. The three accessions of common wild rice carried the non-deletion cpDNA type and one indica-like cultivar developed from the hybrid of japonica and indica carried the same non-deletion cpDNA type. These results confirm that cpDNA69 was a perfect marker to distinguish the indica/japonica cpDNA ORF100. Then the indica-japonica differentiation of chloroplast DNA in 22 accessions of weedy rice from the Changjiang and Huaihe River Valley were investigated with cpDNA69. The cpDNA of Ludao from Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, and Tangdao from Huaiyuan, Laian, Quanjiao, Feidong, Anhui Province carried nondeletion type ORF100. However the cpDNA of red weedy rice discovered in recent years in Jiangsu Province carried the 69 bp deletion type ORF100. It is suggested that the indica-japonica differentiation of cpDNA has occured in weedy rice in the Changjiang and Huaihe River Valley.