北方杂交粳稻株型与稻米品质性状的关系

Relationship Between Plant Type and Rice Quality of japonica Hybrid Rice in Northern China

为明确株型与稻米品质的关系,将株型育种与优质育种有机结合,运用典型相关分析及典型冗余分析等方法,以10个不育系与10个恢复系配组的100个杂交粳稻为材料,研究了株型与稻米品质间的关系。结果表明株型与部分米质性状之间关系密切;倒2叶基角、单穗重在株型性状体系中起重要作用;直链淀粉含量及粒长在米质性状体系中起重要作用。倒2叶基角、株高和单穗重对米质性状影响较大;直链淀粉含量、糙米率和透明度对株型性状影响较大。选择指数模型表明米质较优的北方杂交粳稻的株型为：剑叶、倒2叶较宽,倒3叶较短且窄,株高偏矮,秆长较短,穗子较长,穗数较多且单穗重较轻。

Using the canonical correlation analysis and the canonical correlation redundant analysis, the relationship between plant type and rice quality was studied with 100 crosses derived form 10 sterile lines × 10 restorer lines. There was complex relationship between part of the traits of the two aspects. The angle of the 2nd leaf from top, single panicle weight and amylose content, grain length played an important role in plant type and rice quality system, respectively. The angle of the second leaf from top, plant height, single panicle weight and amylose content, brown rice rate, transparency had a great effect on rice quality and plant type traits, respectively. Selection index model indicated that japonica hybrid rice with good quality was characterized by such plant type., broad flag leaf and second leaf from top, narrow and short third leaf from top, low plant height, short culm, long and more panicles and low single panicle weight.