Ⅱ优航2号高产结构分析和配套高产栽培技术的探讨

Analysis on Yield Structure of Ⅱ Youhang 2 and Its Cultural Techniques for High Yield

Ⅱ优航2号根系发达，分蘖力较强，株叶形好，穗大粒多，结实率高，高产稳产。研究分析结果表明：其高产结构中，有效穗对产量呈极显著正相关（r=0．50^＊＊），对产量通径（P=0．9528）和净贡献率（Pr=0．4764）最大，其次为每穗实粒数（r=0．42，P=0．9005，Pr=0．3782），千粒重是品种的稳定性状，对产量的贡献有限（r=0．08，P=0．1654，Pr=0．0132）。认为产量9000kg／hm2适应产量结构为有效穗240U／hm2，每穗结实粒数140粒，千粒重28．5g左右，攻穗增粒是高产栽培的重点。高产配套栽培技术要点：适时播种，培育多分蘖壮秧；适时移栽，适当密植（基本苗150—1805万／hm2）；科学运筹水肥，施纯氮、P2O5、K2O分别为150、105、150kg／hm2；综合防治病虫草害。

ⅡYouhang 2 has developed root system, strong tillering ability, good plant and leaf patterns, large spike with plenty of grains, high setting rate, and high and stable yield. The relationship between yield and its components of ⅡYouhang 2 was analyzed by correlation analysis and path analysis. The results showed that the number of effective spikes was significantly positively correlated with the yield, it was the major factor of affecting yield; the second one was the number of filled grains per spike; kilo - grain weight was a stable character of the cuhivar and had little effect on the yield. In order to obtain the yield of 9 t/hm2, the rational yield structure was suggested as follows ： 2.4 million effective spikes per hectare, 140 filled grains per spike and 28.5 g per 1000 - grains. So enhancing the effective spikes and filled grains per spike was the key to obtain high yield. Relevant high - yielding cultivation techniques al- so have been proposed as follows： （1） timely sowing, raising strong seedlings with more tillers; （2） timely transplanting, proper planting density （1.5 -1.8 million basic seedlings per hectare） ; （3） scientific management of water and fertilizer. （applying 150 kg/hm2 pure nitrogen, 105 kg/hm2 P2O5, 150kg/hm2 K20） ; （4） integrated control of diseases, pests and weeds.