FDI对我国纺织服装业技术溢出效应分析

An Analysis of the Effects of Technology Spillover of FDI on the Textile and Apparel Industry of China

本文实证分析了FDI对我国纺织服装业的技术溢出效应。结果表明,FDI在纺织服装业的溢出效应明显存在,且服装业中FDI的外溢效应大于我国工业平均水平,但纺织业的外溢效应低于我国工业的平均水平。笔者认为,行业内FDI溢出效应的强弱受行业内利用FDI的数量和质量的影响,而服装业获得较多FDI技术外溢的重要原因在于其利用外资的密度较大,且在引进技术中重视对先进技术的消化吸收。然而,尽管如此,我国纺织服装业目前仍被锁定在全球价值链低端的生产环节,全员劳动生产率较低。因此,我国应通过利用FDI培育和获取核心技术、知名品牌和销售渠道等高级生产要素,促使企业向价值链的高附加值环节攀升。

This paper analyzes the effects and ratio of spillover of FDI on the textile and apparel industry of China by using statistics data.We find that FDI has the significant spillover effects on the textile and apparel industry,and the ratio of spillover of the apparel industry is higher than that of the average level of industry.But the ratio of spillover of the textile industry is lower than that of the average level of industry.We discuss the reason of that the apparel industry has obtained more spillover is that the ratio of using the FDI in the apparel industry is higher.We find that the mobility of employees and the capability of the absorbing and digesting technology are very important factors.But the textile and apparel firms are still locked in the lower-added value manufacturing part of the global value chain.The total factor productivity is lower.Therefore,we have learned to master the key technology and famous brand and marketing channel by using FDI in order to upgrade the high value-added part of the value chain.