教育改革与政治制约——张百熙与京师大学堂的重建

Education Reform and Political Constraint:Zhang Baixi and the Reestablishment of the Imperial University of Peking

京师大学堂是清末教育改革中的重要一项。在张百熙的领导下,大学堂在坚持传统文化的基础上积极开拓,呈现出一派新气象。由于中国一向是教育服从行政领导,所以,虽然大学堂是在存旧的基础上开新,但是手握实权而思想守旧的枢府权臣,为了维护固有的意识形态和思想基础,通过政治权力对大学堂进行严密监督和制约,以致张百熙最后不得不黯然离开大学堂。

Reestablishing the Imperial University of Beijing was a key aspect of the Education Reform in late Qing Dynasty.Led by Zhang Baixi,the Imperial University explored actively on the basis of the traditional culture,and presented new atmosphere.In order to consolidate and strengthen the Confucian ideology,the high officials strictly supervised and confined the Imperial University through their political power.Zhang Baixi finally had to leave the Imperial University with a heavy heart.