马尾松纯林虫生真菌群落组成及优势种生态位研究

The component of entomogenous fungi community and the niche of dominant species in pure forest of Masson's pine

对麻姑山马尾松纯林的虫生真菌群落进行了调查研究,共发现了3科6属14种。该林区虫生真菌群落的主要成分是环链棒束孢、球孢白僵菌和粉棒束孢,虫生菌种类较少,较为单一。对3种优势虫生真菌环链棒束孢、球孢白僵菌和粉棒束孢的营养、时间及营养-时间二维生态位进行了分析。结果表明,环链棒束孢与粉棒束孢的营养生态位重叠度最大,与球孢白僵菌时间生态重叠度最大。而球孢白僵菌的营养生态位宽度、时间生态位宽度和营养-时间二维生态位宽度都为最大。球孢白僵菌在自然界中发生时间长,分布范围广,寄主昆虫丰富,生存能力强的实际情况也支持这一分析结果。

The structure of entomogenous fungus communities of the artificial forest ecosystem of pure Masson＇s pines in Magushan was investigated, and 3 families, 6 genera and 14 species were found. The main species of the community were Isaria cateinannulata, L farinosa and Beauveria bassiana. The nutritional-niche, temporal-niche and nutritional-temporal two-dimension niche of these 3 dominant species were analyzed. The result showed that the largest nutritional niche overlap occurred between L cateinannulata and L farinosa, and the largest time niche overlap occurred between L cateinannulata and B. bassiana. B. bassiana had the highest values in nutritional-niche breadth, temporal-niche breadth and two-dimensional niche width. The facts that B. bassiana has long occurring period, wide distribution, wide insect host ranges and strong survival ability in the forest support the results.