长江嘉陵江重庆段邻苯二甲酸酯污染及评价

Pollution and Assessment of Phthalic Acid Esters of the Yangtze River and Jialing River in Chongqing

采用气相色谱法对长江嘉陵江重庆段11个采样断面的水样中5种邻苯二甲酸酯(DMP,DEP,DBP,DEHP和DnOP)进行检测,分析其污染水平及沿江分布特征,并进行健康风险评价。结果显示,所研究水域中除DnOP检出率较低外,另四种PAE普遍检出。∑5PAEs(取各采样点5种PAE总浓度五个月平均值)范围在8.622～35.134μg/L之间,单种PAE检出的浓度范围在0.134～60.701μg/L之间。大部分监测断面DBP和DEHP浓度超过我国水环境质量标准(GB3838-2002)规定的标准限值。采用非化学致癌物健康危害风险评价模型对DEP,DBP和DEHP进行水环境健康危害风险评价,各采样断面中三种PAE人体健康危害的个人年总风险在2.76×10-10～1.47×10-9a-1之间,低于国际上相关环境部门推荐的最大可接受值(1.0×10-6a-1)。

Water samples collected from 11 sections in Chongqing along the Yangtze River and Jialing River, China from June to September. Concentration levels and distribution of 5 phthalic acid esters （PAEs）, including DMP, DEP, DBP, DEHP, DnOP, were analyzed in these samples by Gas Chromatogram-FID determination. Results showed that the 5 PAEs except DnOP were found in all stations. The average concentrations of Σ5PAEs（sum of 5 PAEs） in all samples during the four months were between 8. 622μg/L and 35. 134μg/L. The concentration of each PAE ranged from 0. 134 to 60. 701μg/L. DBP and DEHP concentrations exceeded the quality standard in most sections. A water environmental health risk assessment model was established to he caused by DEP, DBP and DEHP. The results indicated that the total health risk caused by the 3 PAEs in the 11 sections in the range from 2. 76 × 10^-10 a^-1 to 1.47× 10^-9a^-1 and the value was lower than the maximum tolerable value （1.0× 10^6a^-1） recommended by relevant environmental management departments in the world.