企业生产经营风险的测评

Measuring the Risks of Enterprise′s Operation

我国在由高度集中的计划经济转向竞争的市场经济的进程中，企业被推向了优胜劣汰的风险市场。由于市场经济的瞬息万变、以及企业生产经营要素的随机波动，使企业面对着各种风险，出现了程度不同的危机，甚至倒闭、破产。但人们的观念、习惯以及旧的体制模式都还不适应这种转变。所以企业的当务之急在于树立市场经济就是风险经济的意识；认识风险规律；有效地控制、减少风险所带来的各种危机，不断提高企业生存和发展的能力。基于此目的，本文首先探讨了企业生产经营风险有关理论，然后选取风险测评指标体系、建立风险指标的隶属函数，通过模糊计算、模糊综合评判，进行风险测定，用以分析评价企业生产经营风险。

In the process of the transition of the highly centralized national planning economy to the competitive market economy, enterprises are thrown into the survival of the fittest risky market, to which the old values, customs and institutional models are not so well accustomed The fast changing market economy and the situational fluctuation of the enterprise management factors are likely to lead the enterprise to the exposure of all kinds of risks or even worse to closedown or bankruptcy Hence a task of top priority for the enterprises thus far is to be aware of the risk dimension of market economy, understand risk rules, to effectively control and reduce crisis induced by these risks so as to enhance the enterprise′s ability to survive and develop in the competitive market With this purpose, this paper, firstly studies the related theory of enterprise production and business risks, then, selects an index system of risk measurement and sets up the subordinating functions of each index, and after that, conducts risk measurement through fuzzy computation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation so as to analyze and study the enterprise business risks