全球面无死角的全方位视觉传感器的设计

Design of omni-directional vision sensors with full sphere view and without dead angle

为了获取整个球面全景图像,提出了全方位视觉传感器(omni-directional visionsensor,ODVS)的二次折反射的成像原理并设计了折反射镜面。利用4阶Runge-Kutta算法求得了镜面曲面的数值解,通过组合镜头的设计实现ODVS与广角镜头的集成以消除ODVS的固有死角,然后,将两台无死角的ODVS装置以背靠背的方式进行连接,并将所获取的全景视频图像进行展开及无缝拼接得到360°·360°视频图像。实验结果表明,所设计的ODVS装置可以获取全球面的视场范围,在视频监控领域有重要的应用价值。

In order to obtain a panoramic image with a full sphere view, this paper presents the two-catadioptric imaging principle of omni-directional vision sensor （ODVS）, by which catadioptric mirrors can be made. The reflectors curvilinear numeric solutions of the catadioptric mirrors are obtained by means of the fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithm, the problem of dead angle existing in current ODVSs is solved through designing the combination lens, in which ODVSs and wide-angle lens are put together. In addition, two ODVS devices without dead angle are fixed in a back-to-back way, and then, the captured images by the two ODVS devices are unwrapped and seamlessly composed so that an image with 360° by 360° is obtained. The experimental results show that the proposed ODVS devices are capable of capturing panoramic images with a full sphere view and can be used in intelligent video surveillance fields.