近期长江口沉积物中SVOCs的变化及生态风险评价

Recent Change and Risk Assessment of Semivolatile Organic Compounds from the Sediments in Yangtze River Estuary

采用GC-MS法对2007年4月24—30日采集于长江口部分区域的沉积物中的64种半挥发性有机物(SVOCs)进行分析测定,并对影响该类污染物分布的主要因素进行了探讨.结果表明,该区域沉积物中定量检出半挥发性有机物15种,包括多环芳烃类化合物8种,取代苯类化合物1种,酚类化合物2种,酯类化合物3种,其他类化合物1种.其中,属于我国优先控制污染物的有7种,属于美国优先控制污染物的有12种.采样点SVOCs的分布未呈现出明显的规律性,其分布受多种因素的影响.应用ERL与ERM指标进行PAHs的生态风险评价,长江口部分区域不存在严重的生态风险.应用EEC/ERL进行生态风险细分,各采样点分布在无风险与低度潜在生态风险之内,对生态安全威胁不大.

Using GC-MS on samples taken from April 24, 2007 to April 30, 2007, 64 kinds of semivolatile organic compounds （SVOCs） in the surface sediments of some areas in Yangtze River Estuary were determined, and the main factors affecting the distribution of these pollutants were discussed. The result indicated that 15 kinds of SVOCs were detected, including 8 kinds of PAHs, 1 kind of substituted benzene, 2 kinds of phenols, 3 kinds of esters, and 1 other kind. Among these pollutants, there are 12 kinds of substances that are priority-controlled by US EPA and 7 kinds by China. The distribution of SVOCs did not show obvious characteristics. This was affected by many factors. In this article, ERL and ERM guide line are used to assess the ecological risk of PAHs. There are not very important ecological risk in part areas of Yangtze River Estuary. While EEC/ERL is used, these samples are all belong to the range of no risk or low potential risk, which will not damage ecological environment markedly.