运动性疲劳对跳深动作结构影响的生物力学分析

Effect of fatigue on the biomechanics characteristics in drop-jumps

使用三维测力平台、Panasonic摄像机和MONARK 834E型功率自行车对20名男学生疲劳前后跳深动作进行测试,结果表明运动性疲劳引起跳深动作结构发生了显著性的变化,表现为重心速度的下降、腾起距离减少,以及与地接触时间显著性增加等特点;膝关节功能不断下降,膝关节角度变化范围明显增大,膝关节峰值功率显著性降低,最大横向和纵向的冲击力明显增大,垂直蹬伸力显著性降低。这些生物力学参数的改变,不但大幅降低了跳深训练的效果,同时增大了关节和肌肉损伤的风险。

The aims of the study were to determine the structure change of drop-jump training and how it affect the lower joints and muscles when fatigued. Three-dimensional platform, Panasonic camera and MONARK 834E power-cycling was used to test 20 male athletes when unfatigued and fatigued, result indicated that the structure of the drop-jump is significant changed after fatigued, the center of gravity for the speed is Declined to reduce the flight distance, as well as access to significant increase in time, and other characteristics of declining knee function, changes in the scope of the knee point of view of the apparent increase, knee peak power significantly lower, the largest horizontal and vertical impact, Increased significantly, push the vertical stretch significantly less power. Biomechanics of these parameters change, we can see it not only significantly reduces the effect of jump training, while the muscles and joints increases the risk of injury.