病毒受体及其研究现状

Viral Receptors and Its Research Status

受体在宿主细胞与病毒的相互作用中起着极其重要的作用。病毒受体的特性与病毒的宿主范围、组织嗜性有密切关系,是病毒致病性的主要因素之一。病毒受体的研究方法有经典的研究方法,也有现代分子生物学方法。在病毒受体的研究中,通常以分离纯化的细胞膜代替活体细胞来研究病毒受体。通过对病毒与细胞受体相互作用的深入研究,人们已经发现很多受体阻断剂例如植物凝集素和肝素等物质可以阻断病毒与受体的结合,从而为病毒病的防控提供繁殖一些有效的新方法。

Viral receptor plays a significant role in the interaction between virus and its cellular receptors. It is one of the crucial factors of viral infection. The host specificity and tissue tropism can be determined by the viral receptor. Both of the traditional methods and molecular biological techniques can be used in the studies of the viral receptor. Instead of live cells, the excised and purified cell membranes have been applied to the study of viral receptors. Due to the in-depth study of viral receptors, some studies discovered that several receptor blocking inhibitors could inhibit the binding of virus to target ceils, such as plant lections and soluble heparin. Therefore,some new idea and means could do contribute to the prevention and control of viral disease.