银屑病的动物模型研究进展

Study on animal models of psoriasis

银屑病是一种免疫异常的慢性炎症性增生性皮肤病,是由多基因遗传因素和多环境因素刺激所诱导。其组织病理学主要表现为角质形成细胞的过度增生、炎症细胞聚集和真皮乳头部血管增生扩张等,而且其皮损中多种细胞因子表达增加。这些细胞因子包括转化生长因子-α(TGF-α)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白介素-8(IL-8)、白介素-1(IL-1)、白介素-6(IL-6)和粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)等。为了阐明银屑病复杂的发病机制和开展药效学研究,国内外的学者探索建立了多种不同的银屑病动物模型,其中包括转基因动物模型,它们可以模拟人银屑病的某些病理特征并解释其部分病因,但是不能够反映该病的所有相关潜在因素,所以建立一个合适、理想的动物模型尤为必要。

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis with immunologic abnormality and proliferation, which is induced by polygenic inheritance and muhiple environmental factors. The histological characteristics include hyperplasia of keratinocytes,aggregation of inflammatory cells, vascularization and vascular dilation of dermal papilla. In addition, there is elevated expression of many cytokines, including transforming growth factor-α （TGF-α）, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interferon-γ）, （ IFN-γ）, interleukin-8 （ IL -8 ）, interleukin-1 （ IL-1 ）, interleukin-6 （ IL-6 ） and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor （GM-CSF） ,etc. In order to study the pathogenesis and pharmacodynamies of psoriasis,various animal models have been established,including transgenic animal models, which can mimic certain aspects and partly elucidate the etiology of psoriasis. However, potential relevant factors are still elusive, thus it is necessary to establish some suitable and ideal animal models.