4HQL-2型全喂入花生联合收获机的研制

Development of 4HQL-2 type whole-feed peanut combine

针对中国花生的种植特点,借鉴已有的设计经验,研制成功了一种适于中国花生主产区收获作业的4HQL-2型全喂入花生联合收获机。该机利用挖拔组合式工作原理,为保证挖拔效果和稳定性,设计了一种全新的挖拔组合装置;夹持输送部件首次采用了三带夹持原理(普通V型带),利用柔性夹持方式大大降低了花生的机械掉果率;去土部件采用了上下摆拍式去土方式,去土效果好,损失低;摘果装置采用全喂入式,利用甩捋式工作原理提高了鲜湿花生的摘净率;清选装置采用风筛组合式,逐稿器和振动筛作反向摆动可有效地减轻整机振动。经田间检测摘果率为99.6%,总损失率3.3%,破损率2.0%,含杂率2.2%,达到了设计和相关标准要求,并已通过农业部鉴定。

According to the characteristics of peanut cultivation, the authors have succeeded in developing the 4HQL-2 type whole-feed peanut combine that is suitable for main peanut producing areas of China by the original design experience. The combine has been utilized the working principle of combining digging and lifting. To keep the effect and stability of digging, we designed a new kind of combination device for digging and lifting. The clamping conveyor was designed based on the three-belt（ordinary V-belt） clamping principle for the first time, so it can lower the rate of peanut＇s falling to a large extent by flexible clamping manner; The removing soil mechanism can sway up and down to remove soil, so it can keep high efficiency and low harvest loss. The peanut picking part used whole-feed approach and throw-snap working principle can improve the purity rate of picking off the wet peanut. The cleaning mechanism design adopted the combination of wind-sieve selection and the reverse swing of separator riddle and screen riddle can reduce the vibration of the whole machine. The field performance tests and application showed that the combine has complied with the design requirements, and works well. The parameters of the field performance tests are as follows： peanut picking rate ≥99.6%, total loss rate ≤3.3%, picking breakage rate ≤2.0%, peanut impurity rate ≤2.2%. So the combine has complied with the design requirements and relevant standards, and passed appraisal of the Ministry of Agriculture of China.