铜陵市大气降尘中铜元素的污染特征

Pollution Characteristics of Copper Element in Dustfall of Tongling City in Anhui Province

为了探讨和评价矿产资源利用过程对大气污染的可能贡献,评价了典型有色金属矿山城市——铜陵市的大气降尘中铜元素的污染状况及其来源。运用ICP-AES法分析测试了铜陵市不同功能区17个大气降尘样品中铜元素的含量,并采用富集因子法定性地判断了各采样点铜元素的来源。结果表明:铜陵市大气降尘中铜元素的平均质量分数为2 190×10-6,富集因子最高值为391.5;大气降尘中铜元素污染严重,形成了以铜开采和冶炼企业为中心的污染区域;铜矿石的开采和冶炼对大气降尘中的铜元素污染贡献较大,是主要的污染源。

For discussing and evaluating the possibal contribution to atmospheric pollution in the process of utilizing mineral resources, the pollution characteristics and sources of Cu element in the dustfall were evaluated in the typical mining city - Tongling. Seventeen dustfall samples in different function zones were collected and analyzed the Cu concentrations by ICP - AES. The method of copper enrichment factors （EF） were used to distinguish the possible pollution source. The result shows that the average of Cu concentration in the dustfall is 2 190 mg/kg and the maximum of copper EF is 391.5. Cu pollution in the dustfall is serious and the central areas of pollution are around the Cu mining and smelting factories. The mining and smelting of Cu ores are the primary pollution sources for the Cu pollution in the dustfall in Tongling.