寒冷地区供水工程引水明渠结冰问题数值模拟

Numerical simulation of freezing problem of open diversion canal in water supply projects in cold area

以宁夏吴忠金积供水工程为例,对在冬季寒冷地区利用引水明渠从河流或水库引水时遇到的结冰问题进行研究。利用一维非恒定水力热力耦合数学模型对3种典型工况下引水明渠水温分布进行数值模拟,得出不同水深、不同风速时的初始结冰位置。利用冰盖厚度发展数学模型对10 a来冰盖发展情况进行数值模拟,并与经验公式计算结果进行对比,得到了较为一致的结果。根据数值模拟结果,得出寒冷地区引水明渠冬季供水时渠水温度的分布规律,总结出影响水温分布及初始结冰位置的因素。

Taking the water supply project in Jinji Wuzhong, Ningxia as an example, the freezing problem of open diversion canals that are used to transport water from rivers or reservoirs in cold areas is studied. A one-dimensional unsteady hydraulic and thermodynamic coupled model is applied to simulate the water temperature distribution of open diversion canals under three typical operating conditions. The initial ice positions are obtained for different water depths and different wind speeds. An ice cover progression model is used to simulate the ice cover thickness over the last ten years, and the results are consistent with those of an empirical formula. Finally, the water temperature distribution of open diversion canals and the influencing factors of initial ice positions in cold areas are obtained based on the simulation results.