基于风险的油气管道维修及抢险流程

Risk-based Process of Repair and Emergency Response of Oil/Gas Pipelines

根据降低管道风险要从降低管道失效概率和失效后果两方面入手的原则,制定了油气管道维修和抢险流程。分析了该流程中险情原因、险情类型和险情程度、维修或抢险措施、后期工作等主要步骤。介绍了包括外部腐蚀、内部腐蚀等在内的八类险情原因、两类险情类型——隐患和事故。指出了油气管道维修和抢险的基本概念以及在应急准备中应当注意的事项。

The process of repair and emergency response of natural gas pipeline are framed based on the principle that mitigating pipeline risk should start with two aspects-failure probability and failure consequence.Main steps involved in this process are analyzed,including threat origins,threat types,threat degree,repair measures or measures taken for emergency response and work in late stage,etc..There are two types of threat-potential threats and accidents,and eight types of pipeline threat origins including external corrosion,internal corrosion,stress corrosion crack,manufacturing related defects,mechanical damage,construction related defects,outside force and geotechnical threats.It is pointed out that attention must be paid to the basic concept of oil/gas pipelines’repair and emergency response and in emergency preparation.