基于森林资源二类调查数据的森林景观格局动态变化分析——以湖南靖州苗族侗族自治县坳上镇为例

The Dynamic Change Analysis of the Forest Landscape Pattern Based on the Forest Resource Inventory Data ——A Case Study of Aoshang Townin the Autonomous County of Jingzhou for the Miao nationality and the Dong nationality

对湖南靖州坳上镇2004和2007年森林资源二类调查数据进行处理,并将其划分为8个景观类型,运用ArcGIS9.2和景观格局指数对其2004和2007年森林景观格局变化特征进行研究。结果表明:各景观要素之间发生了显著的变化,其中未成林造林、杉木林面积增加十分显著,增幅分别为154.86%、13.83%;阔叶林、松木林面积减少十分明显,减幅分别为26.92%、42.24%;2004年森林景观以杉木林、阔叶林占主导优势,2007仅以杉木林占优势,阔叶林优势度降低了20.25%;通过对研究区景观格局分析发现,森林景观破碎化程度加大,森林景观的异质性降低,景观要素斑块在景观中的分布向着多样化和均匀化程度发展,斑块形状向着简单化和规则化方向发展。

By processing the forest resource inventory data of 2004 and 2007 in Aoshang Town, these data were divided into eight landscape types. The characteristics of dynamic changes of landscape pattern were analyzed in the past 4 years in this paper by the use of the ARCGIS 9.2 and the landscape pattern index. The results were as follows from 2004 to 2007.The landscape pattern elements of the town had occurred a noticeable change. The area in Chinese fir forest land and in young plantation which had not yet been become forest,had notably been increased by 13.83% and 154.86 %, respectively, and the area in broadleaved forest and in pine forest had notably been reduced by 26.92 % and 42.24 %, respectively. In 2004, Chinese fir forest landscape and broad-leaved forest landscape dominated over the forest landscape. But only Chinese fir dominated in 2007,and the broad-leaved forest dominance had reduced by 20.25 %. By studying the landscape pattern index,we found that the degree of forest landscape fragmentations had increased,and the degree of forest landscape heterogeneities had reduced. The landscape pattern developed towards equality and diversity. The distribution of different landscape elements changed to be simple,and the shape index of patch developed towards regularization.