自然选择与漂变的统计性探析

On analysis of natural selection and the statistics of drift

生物学中的进化论的统计性问题是生物学家和生物哲学家持久争论的问题。作为进化论中重要的理论—自然选择与漂变是双方争论的焦点。双方都希望通过对于自然选择和漂变的解释来证明自己的观点。通过对双方观点的整理比较发现双方的观点都存在着一些问题,而这些问题是否是自然选择和漂变在生物学上不同领域的研究造成了这个结果?因为进化生物学本来就包含着两个不同的研究领域--关于过程的进化生态学和关于结果的群体遗传学。

The statistical problem about evolutionism in biology is always debated by biologists and biophilosophers. As important theories in evolutionism, natural selection and drift are the focus. Both biologists and biophilosophers expect to prove their own views by explaining natural selection and drift. Through sorting out data and comparing two different views, the author finds some problems existing in the views of both sides. Whereas, are these problems caused by the research from various areas in biology？ Because evolutionary biology itself contains two different fields of study： one is evolutionary ecology which emphasizes on progress and the other is population genetics emphasizing on result.