黄嘴白鹭卵的重金属含量与分布分析

Heavy Metal Contents and Distribution in the Eggs of Chinese Egret(Egretta eulophotes) in Fujian

黄嘴白鹭(Egretta eulophotes)是全球性受威胁鸟类,是国家二级重点保护动物.实验采用微波消解和电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定比较了福建岛屿黄嘴白鹭卵内容物、卵壳和卵壳膜中铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)等7种重金属元素的含量.对去膜卵壳与带膜卵壳的7种重金属含量进行了差异性分析.结果表明,黄嘴白鹭去膜卵壳中含量最高的为Ni[(3.412±0.613)μg/g],卵壳膜和内容物中含量最高的均为Zn[(17.769±8.508)μg/g,(29.449±6.443)μg/g];3个部位含量最低的均为Cd[内容物最低(0.004±0.002)μg/g].除Mn元素外,其他元素在去膜卵壳、卵壳膜和内容物中的含量均有显著性差异,重金属主要富集在卵壳膜中.除Mn元素和Cd元素外,其余5种重金属元素在去膜卵壳与带膜卵壳中均存在显著性差异.上述结果提示,今后的相关研究报道中应注明受测卵壳是否带膜,以利于同类研究的正确比对.

The Chinese egret （Egretta eulophotes） is a threaten species in the world. The bird is also listed as Class II National Protected species in China. This paper was firstly to study the pollution ecology of the egg of Chinese egret. The concentrations of 7 heavy metal elements （Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu,Zn, Cd,Pb） were determined and compared among the egg contents, eggshells and shell mem- branes of Chinese Egret from Caiyu islet in Zhangpu of Fujian province by using microwave sample digestion and ICP-MS. The concentrations of 7 heavy metal elements were also compared between the eggshells with membranes and the eggshells without membranes. The results showed that in the eggshells without membranes the level of Ni was the highest among 7 trace elements [（3. 412±0. 613） μg/g] and in the shell membranes or egg contents the level of Zn was the highest among the elements [（17. 769±8. 508） μg/g and （29. 449±6. 443） μg/g, respectively]. The level of Cd was the lowest among 7 trace elements in the egg contents, eggshells or shell membranes. Except for Mn,there was significant difference among the other elements in the eggshell without membranes, egg contents or shell membranes. The heavy metals were mainly enriched in shell membrane. Except for Mn and Cd, the other 5 elements had a significant difference between the eggshells with shell membranes and the eggshells without shell membranes. The resuits suggest that heavy metal study report referred to the eggshell should clarify that the eggshell whether contains the shell membrane so that the reported data can be used for proper comparison.