侵权行为纵横谈——中国古代法与罗马法之比较

A General Review of the Laws on Torts——A Contrast Between the Tort Laws of Ancient China and Roman

在比较古代中国与古罗马侵权行为法的历史发展基础上,从侵害财产与侵害人身两方面比较古中国和古罗马侵权行为法的差异。这种差异的存在原因是古中国和古罗马侵权行为法指导思想原则及实现目标的途径不同,根源在于两者由于社会历史原因而产生的强化还是弱化权利和个人价值的法律观念上。当前在制定侵权行为法时,应注意中外国情的差异及其由此造成的中国法律传统与外来法的差别,从而立足于本国法律传统和社会现实,吸收、融合有益的外来文化,以促使我国法制建设更具生命力。

On the basis of a contrastive study of the development of the tort laws in ancient China and Roman,we analyze their differences from the harms to both properties and bodies. The difference exists in the two laws because the guiding principles and the ways to achieve the goal were different. Such differences lie in the fact whether the rights and the individual value in law were weakened or strength- ened. At present, when legislating tort laws, we should pay more attention to the differences between Chinese and foreign situations which result in the difference between Chinese and foreign laws. We should heritage the legal tradition and face social reality and absorb useful foreign legal culture so as to make the legislative construction in our country more vigorous and prosperous.