人为干扰强度对高大鹿药种群特征的影响

Intensity of Human Activity on Population Characteristics of Maianthemum atropurpureum

高大鹿药作为滇西北一种重要的野生蔬菜,正面临着日益严峻的人为采集压力.为检验不同人为干扰强度下高大鹿药种群特征的变化,运用对比样方带和一元线性回归分析、多元线性回归分析的方法,以密度、株高、基径3个指标进行对比研究,结果表明,在不同干扰强度下,其种群特征发生了明显变化.在重度干扰区,3个指标都明显小于其他区域,且呈无规律变化,种群衰退趋势明显;在中度干扰区,3个指标变化幅度较大,反映了随着人为干扰强度的减弱,其种群特征发生了明显的改善;在轻度干扰区,3个指标平均值达到最大且变化幅度较小,反映了在人为干扰轻微的区域,其种群仍处于稳定的状态.人为干扰是造成高大鹿药分布面积萎缩的最重要因素之一,对高大鹿药资源进行合理采集和适当保护已十分必要.

Maianthemum atropurpureum is a kind of important wild vegetable in northwest Yunnan facing increasingly pressure of local people＇ s collection. In order to study the change ofM. tropurpureum population under the human activity of different intensities, the population was studied by using the method of quadrats, linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis, density, plant height and basal diameter were selected as the study indicators. The results showed that under the human activities of different intensities, significant changes occurred in population characteristics. In the study area with heavy human disturbance, three indicators were all obviously lower than other areas, changed without regular, and the tendency of population declination was very obvious. In moderate disturbance area, the changes of three indicators were all big, and showed the regular of as the lightening of the human disturbance, the population characteristics was significantly improved. In the study area with mild disturbance, three indicators were all the biggest, with small change, which infected that under mild disturbance, the population was in a stable situation. The results of this study implied that human disturbance is one of the most important factors for shrinking of distribution area of M. tropurpureum, proper collection and protection of resources are very necessary and urgent.