Keggin杂多酸负载型催化剂研究及在有机合成中的应用

Catalysts Loaded with Keggin Heteropolyacids and Their Application to Organic Synthesis

评述了负载型杂多酸Keggin结构催化剂的制备、表征及其表面作用机理,阐述了在非均相催化酯化反应、Friedel-Crafts烷基化和酰基化反应、选择氧化、不对称催化反应、异构化反应、缩合反应、裂解反应、水合反应、脱水反应、水解反应、重排反应、Diels-Alder反应及醚化反应等作为探针反应的催化性能,总结了重排反应、醇氧化等不同类型催化反应的反应机理和催化剂失活的主要原因以及影响负载型催化剂水热稳定性能的因素,指出了负载型杂多酸Keggin结构催化剂研究中有待解决的问题及今后的发展方向。

The preparation methods, characterization and surfacial action mechanism of catalysts loaded with Keggin heteropolyacids are reviewed systematically. Catalysis performances of probing reactions for esterification, Friedel-Crafts acylation and alkylation, selective oxidation, asymmetric catalysis, isomerization, condensation, cracking, hydration, dehydration, hydrolysis, rearrangement, Diels-Alder reaction and etherization etc. are explained. All series of catalytic reaction mechanisms of rearrangement, ethanol oxidation, etc. and material causes of catalyst deactivation are summarized in detail. At the same time, the influences of hydrothermal stability on the catalyst loaded are investigated. Finally, the current issues in the study of catalysts loaded with Keggin heteropolyacids and the future developing trends are presented.