电场强化液-液萃取

ENHANCED LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION BY ELECTRIC FIELDS

电场强化液－液萃取是世界近年来研究和开发的热点，在萃取设备能量转化模式上提出电能不经机械能直接转化为液－液分散能的新概念。对于湿法冶金溶剂萃取过程，如铜或稀土等的分离可望在提高设备效率，降低溶剂装量，减少相夹带等关键技术方面取得突破性进展。讨论电场强化液－液萃取的进展和工业应用前景。对于电场强化液－液相分离、诱发液－液分散、电流体力学现象和强化传质、乳化液膜萃取过程电场破乳和电场萃取设备原型等近年来研究的发展趋向和关键技术作了评论。

Enhanced liquid-liquid extraction by electric fields is a focus of research and development in the world,and a new concept that electric energy is directly transformed into liquid-liquid dispersion energy without mechanic energy in the extractor was presented.In solvent extraction processes such as the separation of copper or rare earth elements,it will make a great progress to increase extractor efficiency and decrease solvent inventory and entrainment.The progress and industrial application prospects of enhanced liquid-liquid extraction by electric fields were discussed. The investigation and development trends and key techniques in the recent years such as enhanced liquid-liquid phase separation,driven liquid-liquid dispersion by electric fields,electrohydrodynamics phenomena,mass transfer,demulsification by electric fields for emulsion liquid membrane extraction process,and the model of electric field extractor were reviewed.