北京在校大学生功能性消化不良相关危险因素的调查

Investgation of the risk factors of FD in Beijing university students

目的研究首都大学生功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia,FD)的相关危险因素,为防治这一常见疾病提供新的依据。方法于2006-2007年对北京市在校大学生490764人,采用分层整群随机抽样法,以罗马Ⅲ成人功能性胃肠病诊断调查问卷对FD进行调查和诊断;以自行设计的相关危险因素问卷表调查可能相关的危险因素,内容包括饮食、生活习惯、工作学习方式、过去疾病史、家族疾病史等。采用SPSS15.0统计软件,用χ2检验、t检验、非参数检验、Logistic回归分析等方法在两组间进行相关因素或可能危险因素的分析、比较。结果共发放问卷9800份,收回问卷8608份,合格问卷6959份,问卷回收率87.8%、合格率80.8%,符合样本估算要求。共有110例被诊断为FD(设为FD组),492例无任何症状(设为正常对照组)。经统计学分析显示FD组的身高、体质量、体质量指数均明显低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。②FD组暴饮暴食、挑食、常吃生食、冷饮、烫食、辛辣食品、干硬食品、奶制品、忌口、减肥、饮酒的概率明显多于对照组(P<0.01)。③FD组休闲娱乐的概率和内容、睡眠时间、运动时间、周末休息时间明显少于对照组(P<0.01),喜欢熬夜学习的人数、感觉学习强度和学习压力大的人数明显多于对照组(P<0.05)。④FD组食物过敏史、经常服药史、外伤手术史、痢疾史、胃肠炎史、肝胆胰疾病史、家族类似症状史明显多于对照组(P<0.05)。⑤Logistic回归分析显示FD发生率与经常挑食、运动时间少、吸烟、经常服药、外伤手术史、胃肠炎史、家族类似症状史呈正相关(r分别为1.610、1.250、0.814、2.038、1.671、1.236、3.953),与睡眠时间呈负相关(r=-1.057)。结论经常挑食、运动时间少、吸烟、经常服药、外伤手术史、胃肠炎史、家族类似症状史、睡眠时间少等可能是首都大学生FD的相关危险因素。

Objective To investigate the possible risk factors of functional dyspepsia（FD） in Beijing university students. Methods 490764 random samples were selected. A self-reported questionnaire containing ROME Ⅲ questionnaire and other questions regarding food habit, studying style, past history, etc was delivered to all students. The factors related to FD were tionnaire 9800, call in 8608. The response rate compared between the two groups. Results To distribute quesis 87.8% ,the qualification rate is 80.8%. A total of 602 youth were divided into FD group （110 cases） and control group （492 cases without any symptoms related to FD）. The differences between the two groups were found as follows： ① Indexes in height, weight and body mass in FD group were significantly lower than those in the control group （ P 〈 0. 05, P 〈 0. 01 ）. ② The occurrence rate of engorgement, being choosy in food, often eating omophagia, cold drinking, overheated food, pungent food, dry and hard food, milk food, dietetic restraint, and wine drinking in FD group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P 〈0.01 ）.③ The cases in FD group had significantly less time for relaxation, sleep, physical activities, rest on weekends than those in the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. Much more cases in FD group liked to stay up studying and felt stress and press in study than those in the control group （P 〈 0. 05 ）.④More cases had the history of food allergy, frequent oral administration of drugs, surgical trauma and operation, dysentery, gastroenteritis,liver and gall and pancreas diseases and the similar familial symptoms of FD in FD group than those in the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）.⑤Logistic regression analysis showed FD was positively correlated with being choosy in food, lesser movement time, smoking, frequent oral administration of drugs, history of surgical trauma and operation, history of gastroenteritis, history of similar familial symptoms, but negatively with sleep time. Gonclusion The above mentioned factors, especially being often choosy in food, less movement time, smoking, frequent oral administration of drugs, history of surgical trauma and operation, history of gastroenteritis, history of similar familial symptoms and less sleep might be the risk factors in FD.