多发性硬化患者磁共振成像的表现及相关因素分析

MRI features of 170 patients with multiple sclerosis and analysis of the related factors

目的探讨多发性硬化（multiple sclerosis，MS）患者脑和脊髓磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging，MRI）的特征及其与生活质量、残疾程度等因素的关系。方法对170例临床诊断多发性硬化患者进行MRI检查，并进行生活质量、残疾状况、焦虑和抑郁状态评分。结果脑内病变部位以侧脑室旁、半卵圆中心和额叶多见；脊髓单病灶以1～2个椎体长度多见，融合病灶以4～5个椎体长度多见；视神经脊髓炎（neuromyelitis optica，NMO）、MS脑脊髓混合损害和单纯脊髓损害3种类型的比较，NMO患者的脊髓病灶最长；MS患者的生活质量、神经功能缺失程度、焦虑和抑郁受病灶的分布影响。结论MRI检查有利于MS的早期诊断和提高诊断的准确率，指导临床治疗，改善患者的预后和生活质量。

Objective To analyze the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） features of multiple sclerosis （MS） patients both in the brain and the spinal cord and to explore its relationship with factors such as quality of life, disability of MS patients and so on. Methods A total of 170 MS patients confirmed clinically underwent MRI examination and answered the questionnaires of Multiple Sclerosis Quality Of Life-54 instrument, Expanded Disability Status Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale. Results The lesions on brain MRI were usually seen in the white matter around the lateral ventricles, the centrum ovale majus and frontal lobe. The commonly seen length of the single lesions on the spinal cord was as long as that of 1 - 2 vertebral bodies, but that of the fused lesions was as long as that of 4 - 5 vertebral bodies. The distribution of the lesions was significantly correlated with the quality of life, the degrees of the disability, anxiety and depression. Conclusion MRI examination is useful for early and better diagnosis of MS and can provide guidance for treatment, and thus can improve the prognosis and the quality of life of patients.