超临界CO2降低卷烟中焦油烟碱和CO的应用

Application of the Supercritical Fluid CO2 Extraction of educing Cigarette tar, Nicotine and Carbon Monoxide from Tobacco

为降低卷烟中有损健康成分，开发低焦高香卷烟，考察了萃取压力、萃取温度、解析压力、解析温度对降低卷烟烟气中主要物质的影响，确定了超临界CO2萃取卷烟中焦油、烟碱和一氧化碳的最佳萃取工艺条件为：萃取压力35MPa，萃取温度60℃；解析压力12MPa，解析温度40℃；夹带剂为蒸馏水。用量为投料量的25％；CO2流量为30kg／h，萃取时间2h。在该工艺条件下，烟气中焦油的降低率为25.77％，烟碱的降低率为54.14％，一氧化碳的降低率为12.04％。高烟碱与高焦油卷烟经上述条件处理后，不仅烟丝中的烟碱与主要有损健康成分焦油、一氧化碳含量显著减低，而且处理后的烟丝的生理感觉指标符合烟草技术要求。同时，与其他降焦油与烟碱的方法相比，该法还具有操作简便、安全、效果好、实用性强等优点。

To reduce harmful components from tobacco and develop low tar high flavor, the effect of pressure, temperature, desorption pressure and desorption temperature were studied. The optimum extraction condition for lessening cigarette tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide are as follows： 35MPa for the extraction pressure, 60℃ for the extraction temperature, 12MPa for the desorption pressure and 40℃ for the desorption temperature. The entrainer is distilled water with the proportion of 25% to the raw materials. CO2 flow rate is 30kg/h and the extraction time is 2h. The desorption rate of nicotine reaches 54.14% under the above conditions except the rates, the tar and carbon monoxide lessening rate is up to 25.77% and 12.04% in cigarette gas respectively. The high nicotine and high tar tobacco accord with tobacco specification by above-mentioned condition, nicotine and the tobacco main harmful to healthy component-carbon monoxide and tar are reduced, and the physiology feeling index of the tobacco processed by the method above meets the request. Compared with traditional method, this method was able to obtain simultaneously several products and was simple, safe, efficient and widely used.