六盘水植烟土壤主要养分特征分析

Analysis on Main Nutrient Characteristic of Tobacco Soils in Liupanshui Region

为了对六盘水烤烟生产的营养调控和合理布局提供参考，对六盘水烟区主要植烟乡镇的105份土壤样品的主要理化性状进行了分析。结果表明：六盘水烟区的土壤pH5．3～6．7，除米箩和野钟植烟土壤的pH值稍偏低外，其余植烟乡镇的土壤pH均在烤烟适宜的PH值范围内；有机质和全氮含量丰富，分别为24．21～64．50g／kg和1．78～3．67g／kg，但大部分植烟土壤有机质含量和全氮含量偏高，应适当限制氮肥和有机肥的施用量；土壤全磷含量为0．48～1．70g／kg，供磷潜力较大；土壤全钾舍量16．72～39．55g／kg，大部分乡镇植烟土壤的供钾潜力较强，蟠龙、猴场、珠东和民主的有效钾含量较低。应根据具体的地块适当增施钾肥；有效硫、锰、铁、铜含量丰富，分别为19．90～84．79mg／kg、26．18～109．33mg／kg、17．33～65．91mg／kg和0．63～7．27mg／kg；有效锌、有效硼含量为0．65～3．70mg／kg和0．38～1．35mg／kg，属中等水平；水溶性氧含量4．55～18．21mg／kg，优于优质烤烟生产的氯素最佳水平。

The main physico-chemical properties of 105 soil samples from main tobacco-planting villages and towns of Liupanshui region were analyzed to provide a reference for nutrition regulation and rational distribution of tobacco production in Liupanshui region. The results showed that the pH value of most soils is from 5. 3 to 6. 7, which is suitable for tobacco growth, except soils with lower pH value in Miluo and Yezhong villages, and the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, effective S, effective Mn, effective Fe, effective Cu, effective Zn, effective B and water soluble chlorine is 24.21-64.50 g/kg, 1.78-3.67 g/kg, 0.48-1.70 g/kg, 16.72-39.55 g/kg, 19.90-84.79 mg/kg, 26.18-109.33 mg/kg, 17.33-65.91 mg/kg, 0.63-7.27 mg/kg, 0.65-3.70 mg/kg,0.38-1.35 mg/kg and 4.55-18.21 mg/kg respectively, The application measure should control amount of nitrogen and organic fertilizer and raise potassium application amount according to the soil actual nutrient content properly in tobacco cultivation in Liupanshui region.